By Quentin Choy
As of October 20, 2025, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) implemented a significant overhaul of the naturalization civics test, reshaping the landscape for immigrants seeking citizenship and the organizations that support them.
The revamped test introduces 128 possible citizenship questions and requires applicants to answer 20 questions. The previous version of the test had 100 total questions and required applicants to answer 10 questions.
To pass, an applicant must correctly answer at least 12 questions, doubling the previous requirement of 6 correct answers out of 10. These changes pose fresh challenges to nonprofits and immigration advocacy groups that work closely with immigrants on their naturalization journey.
What’s New in the 2025 Citizenship Test?
The test changes reflect a broader policy shift aiming to raise the standards for new citizens. Key updates include:
An expanded question pool of 128 questions covering American history, government, and constitutional principles makes the test far more demanding. About 25% of questions are newly introduced questions.
Geography and simpler questions, such as “What ocean is on the West Coast?”, have been largely replaced by more complex questions, like “Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?”
There are more questions asked, with 20 questions being asked orally during the naturalization interview instead of 10. A higher passing score is required, and applicants must correctly answer 12 questions to pass, a substantial increase from the previous 6.
Test format changes mean that the interviewer may stop questioning once an applicant passes or fails, streamlining the process for some.
A deeper focus on history and civics demands a steeper learning curve for applicants. There is a heavier emphasis on understanding foundational U.S. history and governance, including figures like Alexander Hamilton and concepts such as the Great Depression, the Korean War, and the 22nd Amendment. More emphasis is added to specific presidents, wars, and constitutional amendments as well.
Potential Challenges for Immigrant Applicants
The test’s increased difficulty and length are intimidating to many applicants, as reflected in firsthand accounts from immigrant communities. For example, older applicants and those with limited English skills may find the heavier civics emphasis and larger question bank daunting.
Impact on Nonprofits and Immigration Organizations
Organizations that assist immigrants in preparing for naturalization must now update educational materials including study guides, mock interviews, and class curricula. They need revisions that incorporate the 128-question pool and shifted content focus.
Organizations must enhance language support. Increased civics complexity places greater importance on English proficiency assistance, especially for applicants struggling with literacy. Organizations must also prepare applicants emotionally and mentally. The test’s added length and challenge may increase anxiety; nonprofits should provide reassurance and build confidence in test-takers.
Addressing accessibility and resource gaps will be vital for adjusting to a new test. Some immigrant communities may lack access to new prep materials or classes tailored to the updated test, requiring organizations to bridge these divide gaps.
The October 2025 citizenship test is a pivotal adjustment affecting thousands of aspiring American citizens. Support organizations play a critical role in helping immigrants overcome these challenges and achieve their goals. By proactively adapting education and advocacy efforts, nonprofits can continue to empower immigrants on the path to citizenship in this more demanding environment.
Please consider allowing ICAN to help you, your organization, and your community prepare for the new U.S. citizenship test by sponsoring a cohort today!
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